The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.įunding: This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. Received: NovemAccepted: FebruPublished: March 19, 2012 PLoS ONE 7(3):Įditor: Ching-Hong Yang, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, United States of America (2012) Co-Inoculation with Rhizobia and AMF Inhibited Soybean Red Crown Rot: From Field Study to Plant Defense-Related Gene Expression Analysis. Among them, PR2, PR3, PR4 and PR10 reached the highest level with co-inoculation of rhizobium and AMF.Ĭitation: Gao X, Lu X, Wu M, Zhang H, Pan R, Tian J, et al. Quantitative RT-PCR results indicated that the transcripts of the most tested pathogen defense-related (PR) genes in roots were significantly increased by rhizobium and/or AMF inoculation. Furthermore, root exudates of soybean inoculated with rhizobia and/or AMF significantly inhibited pathogen growth and reproduction. However, P addition only enhanced CFU when inoculated with AMF. The root colony forming unit (CFU) decreased over 50% when inoculated by rhizobia and/or AMF at low P. Further studies in sand culture experiments showed that inoculation with rhizobia or AMF significantly decreased severity and incidence of soybean red crown rot, especially for co-inoculation with rhizobia and AMF at low P. We firstly investigated the disease incidence and index of soybean red crown rot under different phosphorus (P) additions in field and found that the natural inoculation of rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) could affect soybean red crown rot, particularly without P addition.
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